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iran-emrooz.net | Wed, 24.05.2006, 15:33
اطلاعیه عمومی عفو بین‌الملل درباره اعدام کودکان مجرم در ایران
ایران: آخرین اجراکننده حکم اعدام برای کو د ک مجرم: سازمان عفو بین الملل اولین اعدام گزارش شده یک کودک متهم به جرم در سال ٢٠٠٦ را محکوم کرد.
در پی گزارش اولین حکم اعدام کودک مجرم در سال ٢٠٠٦ سازمان عفو بین‌الملل نگرانی خود را از اینکه ایران تنها کشوری است که هنوز حکم اعدام در مورد افراد متهم زیر ١٨ سال در آن جاری است ابراز کرد.
سازمان عفو بین الملل در سال ٢٠٠٦ گفت که دنیا در توافق کامل براین باور است که اجرای حکم اعدام برای فردی که هنکام ارتکاب جرم زیر ١٨ سال بوده است غیرقابل قبول است. طی ١٠ سال گذشته حکم مرگ برای کودکان متوقف شده. تنها درکشورهای انگشت شماری چنین اعدام هائی جاری است. در سال ٢٠٠٥ایران پس از از دست دادن امریکا به عنوان دومین کشور مجری حکم مرگ در آن تنها کشوری بودکه اقدام به اعدام افراد زیر ١٨ سال کرده است.
ایران با ادامه اجرای حکم اعدام متهمان کودک از قوانین بین المللی که متعهد به آنها و به عنوان عهدنامه حقوق مدنی و سیاسی و حقوق کودکان است تخلف کرده است.
این سازمان نگرانی عمیق خود را برای تعداد زیاد دیگری از کودکان که در انتظار اجرای حکم اعدام در ایران گزارش شده‌اند ابراز کرد. و از دولت ایران خواست که سریعا اجرای حکم اعدام افراد زیر ١٨ سال را قدغن کند و مانع اجرای حکم اعدام برای افراد زیر ١٨ سال شوند.
در ١٣ مه ٢٠٠٦ دو پسر ١٧ و ٢٠ ساله که نامشان اعلام نشده حکم اعدامشان بوسیله حلق‌آویز کردن در خرم‌آباد مرکز استان لرستان اجرا شد. بنا به گزارش آنها بخاطر تجاوز و قتل پسر ١٢ ساله در یک جلسه به مرگ محکوم شدند.
این اولین گزارش از حکم اعدام در سال ٢٠٠٦می باشد. در سال ٢٠٠٥ سازمان عفو بین‌الملل هشت حکم اعدام کودکان را ثبت کرده که شامل ٢ نفر که در هنگام اجرای حکم زیر ١٨ سال بوده‌اند. اعدامها در پرتو گزارش تعداد دیگری از متهمان کودک که در انتظار اجرای حکم اعدام بسر می‌برند بطور خاص هشدار دهنده می‌شوند.
* نازنین مهاباد فاتحی دختر ١٨ ساله بعد از اعتراف به زخمی و کشتن یکی از سه مردی که در پارکی در کرج قصد تجاوز به او و خواهرزاده‌اش را در مارچ ٢٠٠٥ داشتند محکوم به مرگ شد. او در آن زمان ١٧سال داشت. در جريان دادرسی او به دادگاه گفت "من میخواستم از خود و خواهرزاده‌ام دفاع کنم من نمی‌خواستم آن پسر را بکشم به علاوه در آن لحظه من نمی‌دانستم چه کار کنم چون هیچ کسی برای کمک به ما نیامد."
* نعمت پسر ساله ١٧ که به جرم قتل با حکم اعدام قریب الوقوع روبرو است. او در یک دادگاه جنائی در اصفهان بعد از اعتراف به قتل شوهر خواهرش در یک نزاع روبرو با حکم مرگ است. در آوریل ٢٠٠٦ گزارش شده که حکم او در دیوان عالی کشور تائید شده است.
* آغاز ژانویه ٢٠٠٦ دیوان عالی کشور در خواست استیناف دلارام دارابی ١٩ ساله را رد کرد. او که در ١٧ سالگی به جرم قتل در شهر رشت محکوم به اعدام شد. او با این تصور که به دلیل نرسیدن به سن ١٨به مرگ محکوم نخواهد شد و با انگیزه کمک به دوست ١٩ ساله‌اش به قتل اعتراف کرد و محکوم به مرگ شد.
* در مارچ ٢٠٠٦ مهدی ١٨ ساله به جرم قتل مردی در رباط کریم استان تهران که ٢سال قبل زمانی که او ١٦ یا ١٧ ساله بود محکوم به اعدام شد. برادر او نیز به جرم همدستی در قتل زندانی می‌باشد.
* محمد موسوی ١٨ ساله به جرم قتلی که در ١٦ سالگی مرتکب شده محکوم به مرگ شده است. حکم وی توسط دیوانعالی کشور تایید شده و بیم مرگ او می‌رود.
* حمیدرضا بنا به گزارش‌های رسیده به جرم قتلی که در سن ١٤ سالگی مرتکب شده است، در خطر اعدام قرار دارد.
سازمان عفو بین‌الملل اجرای عدالت را در مورد کسانی که متهم به اعمال مجرمانه هستند جز حقوق و مسئولیت دولتها می‌داند و آن را به رسمیت می‌شناسد اما این سازمان مخالف بدون قید و شرط استفاده از حکم اعدام است و استفاده از آن را به عنوان بالاترین قانون شکنی از حق طبیعی هر انسان برای زندگی می‌داند.
به مدت تقریبا ٤ سال است که مقامات ایرانی لایحه ای را برای ممنوئیت حکم اعدام در مورد متهمین زیر ١٨ سال (هنگام ارتکاب جرم) مورد توجه قرارداده‌اند. اگر چه نکات مطرح شده بوسیله سخنگوی قوه قضائیه می‌رساند که قانون جدید تنها در موارد خاصی که اطفال مرتکب جرم شده‌اند صادق است و تنها در این موارد مانع اجرای حکم اعدام می‌باشد و او اعلام کرد که "قصاص" (جرمی که به تلافی مکافات شامل می‌شود برای مثال قتل) موضوعی است با شاکی خصوصی و نه مربوط به مدعی العموم.
در آخرین مشاهدات به دومین گزارش دوره‌ای به کمیته عهدنامه حقوق کودک در ژانويه ٢٠٠٥ نماینده هیات در مورد ایران اعلام کرده است که ایران موقتا اجرای احکام اعدام را در مورد افرادی که در هنگام ارتکاب جرم زیر ١٨ سال داشته‌اند به تعویق انداخته است.
زمان آن رسیده که دولت ایران به قولهای خود جامه عمل بپوشاند. گزارش اولین حکم اعدام در سال ٢٠٠٦ در مورد متهم کودک، ضرورت فوری و بدون درنگ برای دولت ایران برای گذراندن قانون و لایحه‌ای برای مانع شدن از اجرای حکم اعدام در مورد متهمین کودک را در مهلت قانونی کوتاه می‌طلبد.
برگردان: سیما
AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
Public Statement
AI Index: MDE 13/053/2006 (Public)
19 May 2006
Iran:
Last executor of child offenders: Amnesty International condemns the first reported execution of a child offender in 2006
In the wake of the first reported execution of a child offender in 2006, Amnesty International expressed its dismay that Iran should be the only country that currently executes child offenders- those under the age of 18 at the time of their offence.
Amnesty International said that the world is in complete agreement that the execution of a person for a crime committed when they were under 18 years of age is unacceptable. During the last decade, the judicial killing of children has all but stopped. Only a handful of countries now threaten to carry out such executions and in 2005 Iran was the only country to do so after it lost its main ally on this issue: the United States of America.
By carrying out the execution of a child offender, Iran is in violation of international law and its obligations under the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).
The organization expressed its deep concern for the many other child offenders reported to be under sentence of death in Iran, and called on the Iranian government to take immediate steps to prohibit capital punishment for offences committed by persons below 18 years of age, and stop executing child offenders.
On 13 May 2006, an unnamed 17-year old male and an unnamed 20-year old male were executed by hanging in Khorramabad, the capital of Lorestan province. According to reports, they were sentenced to death for the rape and murder of a 12-year old boy, and were tried in an extraordinary session.
This is the first known execution of a child offender in 2006. In 2005 Amnesty International recorded eight executions of child offenders in Iran, including 2 who were under the age of 18 at the time of their execution. The execution is particularly alarming in light of reports that many other child offenders have been sentenced to death in Iran, and are awaiting execution.
● 18-year old Nazanin Mahabad Fatehi (f) was sentenced to death after she reportedly admitted stabbing to death one of three men who attempted to rape her and her niece in a park in Karaj in March 2005. She was 17 at the time. During her trial, she reportedly told the court “I wanted to defend myself and my niece. I did not want to kill that boy. At the heat of the moment I did not know what to do because no one came to our help”.
● Ne'mat, a 17-year-old boy, is facing imminent execution for murder. He was sentenced to death by a Criminal Court in Esfahan, after he confessed to killing his sister's husband in a fight. In April 2006 it was reported that his sentence had been upheld by the Supreme Court
● At the beginning of January 2006 the Supreme Court rejected the appeal of 19-year-old Delara Darabi (f), who was sentenced to death by a court in the city of Rasht for a murder committed when she was 17. Delara Darabi initially confessed to the murder, but subsequently retracted her confession. She stated that she had admitted responsibility for the murder at the request of her 19-year old co-accused, to help him escape execution, because he mistakenly believed that she could not be sentenced to death as she was under 18 at the time.
● In March 2006, 18-year-old Mehdi (m) was reportedly sentenced to death for killing a man in Robat Karim, Tehran Province, about two years previously, when he was aged either 16 or 17. His brother was imprisoned for his involvement in the killing.
● Mohammad Mousavi (m) aged 18, was sentenced to death for a murder allegedly committed when he was 16. The sentence has been upheld by the Supreme Court and it is feared that he is at risk of imminent execution.
● Hamid Reza (m) is reported to be at risk of execution for a murder allegedly committed when he was 14 years old.
Amnesty International recognizes the rights and responsibilities of governments to bring to justice those suspected of committing recognizably criminal offences, but the organization is unconditionally opposed to the use of the death penalty as the ultimate violation of the right to life.
For approximately four years, it has been reported that the Iranian authorities have been considering passing legislation to ban the imposition of the death penalty for offences committed by persons who were under the age of 18 at the time of their crime. However, comments by a judiciary spokesperson suggest that the new law would in any case only prohibit the death penalty for certain crimes when committed by children. He stated that “qisas” crimes (crimes which carry a sentence of ‘retribution’, for example murder) were a private, not a state matter.
In its Concluding Observations to Iran’s second periodic report to the Committee of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in January 2005, the Committee noted that the Iranian delegation had stated, in the course of the public consideration of Iran's report, that Iran had suspended executions of persons who had committed crimes before the age of 18.
It is time for the Iranian government to live up to its promises. The first known execution of a child offender in 2006 underlines the urgent necessity that the government impose an immediate moratorium on the use of the death penalty, and pass without delay legislation that prohibits the execution of child offenders
Public Statement
AI Index: MDE 13/053/2006 (Public)
19 May 2006
Iran:
Last executor of child offenders: Amnesty International condemns the first reported execution of a child offender in 2006
In the wake of the first reported execution of a child offender in 2006, Amnesty International expressed its dismay that Iran should be the only country that currently executes child offenders- those under the age of 18 at the time of their offence.
Amnesty International said that the world is in complete agreement that the execution of a person for a crime committed when they were under 18 years of age is unacceptable. During the last decade, the judicial killing of children has all but stopped. Only a handful of countries now threaten to carry out such executions and in 2005 Iran was the only country to do so after it lost its main ally on this issue: the United States of America.
By carrying out the execution of a child offender, Iran is in violation of international law and its obligations under the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).
The organization expressed its deep concern for the many other child offenders reported to be under sentence of death in Iran, and called on the Iranian government to take immediate steps to prohibit capital punishment for offences committed by persons below 18 years of age, and stop executing child offenders.
On 13 May 2006, an unnamed 17-year old male and an unnamed 20-year old male were executed by hanging in Khorramabad, the capital of Lorestan province. According to reports, they were sentenced to death for the rape and murder of a 12-year old boy, and were tried in an extraordinary session.
This is the first known execution of a child offender in 2006. In 2005 Amnesty International recorded eight executions of child offenders in Iran, including 2 who were under the age of 18 at the time of their execution. The execution is particularly alarming in light of reports that many other child offenders have been sentenced to death in Iran, and are awaiting execution.
● 18-year old Nazanin Mahabad Fatehi (f) was sentenced to death after she reportedly admitted stabbing to death one of three men who attempted to rape her and her niece in a park in Karaj in March 2005. She was 17 at the time. During her trial, she reportedly told the court “I wanted to defend myself and my niece. I did not want to kill that boy. At the heat of the moment I did not know what to do because no one came to our help”.
● Ne'mat, a 17-year-old boy, is facing imminent execution for murder. He was sentenced to death by a Criminal Court in Esfahan, after he confessed to killing his sister's husband in a fight. In April 2006 it was reported that his sentence had been upheld by the Supreme Court
● At the beginning of January 2006 the Supreme Court rejected the appeal of 19-year-old Delara Darabi (f), who was sentenced to death by a court in the city of Rasht for a murder committed when she was 17. Delara Darabi initially confessed to the murder, but subsequently retracted her confession. She stated that she had admitted responsibility for the murder at the request of her 19-year old co-accused, to help him escape execution, because he mistakenly believed that she could not be sentenced to death as she was under 18 at the time.
● In March 2006, 18-year-old Mehdi (m) was reportedly sentenced to death for killing a man in Robat Karim, Tehran Province, about two years previously, when he was aged either 16 or 17. His brother was imprisoned for his involvement in the killing.
● Mohammad Mousavi (m) aged 18, was sentenced to death for a murder allegedly committed when he was 16. The sentence has been upheld by the Supreme Court and it is feared that he is at risk of imminent execution.
● Hamid Reza (m) is reported to be at risk of execution for a murder allegedly committed when he was 14 years old.
Amnesty International recognizes the rights and responsibilities of governments to bring to justice those suspected of committing recognizably criminal offences, but the organization is unconditionally opposed to the use of the death penalty as the ultimate violation of the right to life.
For approximately four years, it has been reported that the Iranian authorities have been considering passing legislation to ban the imposition of the death penalty for offences committed by persons who were under the age of 18 at the time of their crime. However, comments by a judiciary spokesperson suggest that the new law would in any case only prohibit the death penalty for certain crimes when committed by children. He stated that “qisas” crimes (crimes which carry a sentence of ‘retribution’, for example murder) were a private, not a state matter.
In its Concluding Observations to Iran’s second periodic report to the Committee of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) in January 2005, the Committee noted that the Iranian delegation had stated, in the course of the public consideration of Iran's report, that Iran had suspended executions of persons who had committed crimes before the age of 18.
It is time for the Iranian government to live up to its promises. The first known execution of a child offender in 2006 underlines the urgent necessity that the government impose an immediate moratorium on the use of the death penalty, and pass without delay legislation that prohibits the execution of child offenders
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ايران امروز
(نشريه خبری سياسی الکترونیک)
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